The Assam government has launched a massive operation to shut down illegal rat-hole coal mines across the state, following a tragic incident in Dima Hasao district that claimed the lives of four miners, with five still missing .
The crackdown comes after the National Green Tribunal (NGT) banned rat-hole mining in 2014 due to its hazardous nature and environmental damage. Despite the ban, illegal mining continues to thrive in the state, with the opposition accusing the government of “utter negligence” .
Assam DGP G.P. Singh has directed officials to shut down all illegal rat-hole mining activities in Tinsukia and Dima Hasao districts, with a focus on regions like Margherita and Ledo, known for rampant mining activities. Nine illegal mines in Dima Hasao have already been shut down, with operations underway to identify and close more .
The International Human Rights Council (IHRC) has also conducted a ground investigation, uncovering extensive illegal coal mining activities in the Margherita constituency. The council identified 20 illegal sites in just 12 hours, naming prominent individuals allegedly involved in these operations .
The closure of rat-hole mines presents significant challenges, as many operate in remote and hilly terrains, making detection difficult. Additionally, local livelihoods often depend on illegal mining, complicating enforcement efforts. Environmentalists and human rights activists are calling for stricter regulations and sustainable alternatives to prevent future tragedies and preserve Assam’s natural resources .